against, contrary to

Beginner

15-20 min

common

Expert Reviewed

Explanation

Indicates contradiction or opposition.

[Noun] + に反して

予想に反して、試験は簡単だった。

Yosou ni han shite, shiken wa kantan datta.

Contrary to expectation, the exam was easy.

規則に反して行動した。

Kisoku ni han shite koudou shita.

I acted against the rules.

Formal contradiction expression.

～に比べて

compared to

～に違いない

must be ~, no doubt that ~, undoubtedly

～に関して/関する

regarding ~, concerning ~, about ~

～について/つい

about ~, concerning ~

～に伴って/伴い/伴う

along with ~, as ~ (changes)

Common for unexpected results.

JLPTBooks Editorial Team

Japanese Language Education Specialists

Last updated: Jan 2

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