even if, whether or not

Intermediate

20-25 min

common

Expert Reviewed

Explanation

Expresses that regardless of the condition, something holds true.

[Verb/Noun] + にせよ/にしろ

行くにせよ行かないにせよ、早く決めてください。

Iku ni seyo ikanai ni seyo, hayaku kimete kudasai.

Whether you go or not, please decide quickly.

誰にせよ、ルールは守るべきだ。

Dare ni seyo, ruuru wa mamoru beki da.

Even if it's anyone, rules should be followed.

Often used in paired form (A にせよ B にせよ).

～としたら / ～とすれば

if, assuming that

～に伴って

along with, as, in accordance with

～に違いない

must be ~, no doubt that ~, undoubtedly

～に関して/関する

regarding ~, concerning ~, about ~

～について/つい

about ~, concerning ~

～に伴って/伴い/伴う

along with ~, as ~ (changes)

Practice with either/or scenarios.

JLPTBooks Editorial Team

Japanese Language Education Specialists

Last updated: Jan 2

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