to the extent of, even, going so far as to

Intermediate

20-25 min

common

Expert Reviewed

Explanation

Emphasizes an extreme or unexpected action.

[Verb て form] + までして

嘘をついてまで、逃げたくない。

Uso wo tsuite made, nigetakunai.

I don't want to escape to the extent of lying.

親に借金してまで、買う必要はない。

Oya ni shakkin shite made, kau hitsuyou wa nai.

There's no need to buy it going so far as to borrow from parents.

Often implies negative judgment.

～ならいざしらず

if it were...that would be one thing, but

～ならいざ知らず

~ might be one thing, but; leaving ~ aside

～てやまない

earnestly wish/hope, never stop ~ing

～をものともせずに

not being daunted by ~, in spite of ~

～んがため(に)

in order to ~, for the purpose of ~ (formal/literary)

Shows going too far or being excessive.

JLPTBooks Editorial Team

Japanese Language Education Specialists

Last updated: Jan 2

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