after doing, upon, when it comes to

Intermediate

20-25 min

common

Expert Reviewed

Explanation

Indicates an action done after/based on a prerequisite.

[Verb た-form/Noun の] + 上で

説明を聞いた上で、判断してください。

Setsumei wo kiita ue de, handan shite kudasai.

Please make your decision after hearing the explanation.

十分検討した上で、返事します。

Juubun kentou shita ue de, henji shimasu.

I will reply after carefully considering.

First action is a necessary prerequisite.

～際(に)

when, at the time of, on the occasion of

～上

from the standpoint of, in terms of

～ために (tame ni)

in order to ~, for the purpose of ~

～のに (noni)

although ~, despite ~, even though ~

～にもかかわらず

despite ~, in spite of ~

～ようになる

come to ~, become able to ~, reach the point where ~

Common in business and formal decision-making.

JLPTBooks Editorial Team

Japanese Language Education Specialists

Last updated: Jan 2

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