for, considering, although

Beginner

15-20 min

common

Expert Reviewed

Explanation

Indicates result is unexpected given the condition.

[Plain form/Noun + の] + わりに

このレストランは安いわりに、おいしい。

Kono resutoran wa yasui wari ni, oishii.

This restaurant is delicious for being cheap.

勉強したわりに、成績が悪かった。

Benkyou shita wari ni, seiseki ga warukatta.

Considering I studied, my grades were bad.

Neutral - unlike くせに, no criticism.

～くせに

even though, despite, and yet

～ために (tame ni)

in order to ~, for the purpose of ~

～のに (noni)

although ~, despite ~, even though ~

～にもかかわらず

despite ~, in spite of ~

～ようになる

come to ~, become able to ~, reach the point where ~

Result does not match expectation.

JLPTBooks Editorial Team

Japanese Language Education Specialists

Last updated: Jan 2

Study with our comprehensive grammar guides and practice materials.